This tool walks through hypothesis testing when the population variance is known. It uses the normal distribution.
H₀: μ = H₁:
Sample mean (x̄): σ: n: α:
| Alternative Hypothesis | Test Statistic | P-Value | Rejection Rule |
|---|---|---|---|
| H₁: μ ≠ μ₀ | Z₀ = (x̄ − μ₀) / (σ / √n) |
P = 2[1 − Φ(|Z₀|)] | Z₀ > zα/2 or Z₀ < −zα/2 |
| H₁: μ > μ₀ | Z₀ = (x̄ − μ₀) / (σ / √n) |
P = 1 − Φ(Z₀) | Z₀ > zα |
| H₁: μ < μ₀ | Z₀ = (x̄ − μ₀) / (σ / √n) |
P = Φ(Z₀) | Z₀ < −zα |