ENGR 200 – Final Exam MLR Excel Practice (Chapter 12 ICE Style)

🎯 Goal of This Page

This page gives you a sample Excel-style Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) practice set, similar to what you might see on the final exam. It matches the Chapter 12 Excel ICE idea:

On the actual exam, you will read and interpret output. You will not be asked to derive formulas from scratch.

📂 Step 1 – Data (Copy into Excel)

Each row is one student. Y = GPA. Predictors:

📋 Copy this CSV into Excel (cell A1):
HWhrs,Tutor,Sleep,GPA 3.745,3.141,8.878,2.015 9.507,0.799,8.101,2.047 7.320,2.057,8.758,1.981 5.987,2.370,8.579,1.893 1.560,0.186,7.392,1.340 1.560,2.430,8.687,1.854 0.581,0.682,5.354,1.387 8.662,0.260,5.784,1.747 6.011,3.796,5.181,2.067 7.081,3.863,6.301,1.964 0.206,3.234,6.555,1.747 9.699,1.218,6.085,1.968 8.324,0.391,8.315,1.780 2.123,2.737,6.427,1.702 1.818,1.761,6.124,1.692 1.834,0.488,7.171,1.602 3.042,1.981,5.564,1.802 5.248,0.138,8.209,1.737 4.319,3.637,5.298,2.192 2.912,1.035,8.948,1.605 6.119,2.650,8.089,1.928 1.395,1.247,5.795,1.508 2.921,2.080,5.022,1.492 3.664,2.187,8.262,1.915 4.561,0.739,7.827,1.798
In Excel:
1️⃣ Paste the data starting in A1.
2️⃣ Go to Data → Data Analysis → Regression.
3️⃣ Set Input Y Range = GPA column, and Input X Range = HWhrs, Tutor, Sleep (3 columns).
4️⃣ Check “Labels” and choose an output range or new worksheet.
Your output should match the tables below (up to small rounding differences).

📊 Step 2 – Regression Output (Excel-Style)

When you run the regression on this dataset, you should get output approximately like this:

Regression Statistics

RR SquareAdjusted R SquareStandard ErrorObservations
0.890.790.760.10725

ANOVA

SourcedfSSMSFSignificance F
Regression30.8900.29725.90.0000003
Error210.2410.0115
Total241.131

Coefficients

Predictor Coefficient Standard Error t Stat p-value Lower 95% Upper 95%
Intercept 1.140 0.129 8.81 0.0000 0.871 1.409
HWhrs 0.047 0.008 6.06 0.0000 0.031 0.063
Tutor 0.120 0.019 6.45 0.0000 0.082 0.159
Sleep 0.032 0.017 1.93 0.068 -0.003 0.066

VIF (Variance Inflation Factor) – computed separately

PredictorVIF
HWhrs1.03
Tutor1.04
Sleep1.06

Small VIF values (≈1) mean there is no serious multicollinearity here.

📝 Practice Questions (with Show/Hide Answers)

Q1. Fitted Regression Equation Core skill

Write the fitted regression equation for GPA in terms of HWhrs, Tutor, and Sleep using the coefficients above.

Ŷ = 1.140 + 0.047·HWhrs + 0.120·Tutor + 0.032·Sleep
(Always use Ŷ for predicted GPA, and keep at least 3 decimal places if needed.)
Q2. Global F-Test – Is the Model Useful?

At α = 0.05, does the regression model (all three predictors together) significantly explain variation in GPA? Use the ANOVA table and “Significance F”.
True/False: “The model is statistically significant at α = 0.05.”

True. The Significance F is about 0.0000003, which is much smaller than 0.05. So we reject H₀: β₁ = β₂ = β₃ = 0 and conclude that, taken together, the predictors significantly explain GPA.

Q3. Which Predictors Are Significant? t / p-values

At α = 0.05, which predictors are statistically significant (have slopes different from 0)?

Look at p-values for each slope:

  • HWhrs: p ≈ 0.0000 < 0.05 → significant
  • Tutor: p ≈ 0.0000 < 0.05 → significant
  • Sleep: p ≈ 0.068 > 0.05 → not significant at 5% (borderline)

So HWhrs and Tutor are significant predictors at α = 0.05. Sleep is borderline (you could mention this in words).

Q4. R² and Adjusted R² Interpretation

Interpret R² = 0.79 and Adjusted R² = 0.76 in plain English, for this example.

R² = 0.79 means that about 79% of the variation in GPA among these students is explained by the regression model using HWhrs, Tutor, and Sleep.

Adjusted R² = 0.76 is slightly smaller because it penalizes us for adding predictors. It is a better measure for comparing models with different numbers of X’s.

Q5. Prediction Using the Equation

Use the fitted equation to predict the GPA of a student with:

Ŷ = 1.140 + 0.047·(6) + 0.120·(2) + 0.032·(7)

Compute:

  • 0.047·6 ≈ 0.282
  • 0.120·2 = 0.240
  • 0.032·7 ≈ 0.224

Ŷ ≈ 1.140 + 0.282 + 0.240 + 0.224 ≈ 1.89 (predicted GPA ≈ 1.89).

On the exam, show at least one line of work or use Excel with a clearly labeled formula.

Q6. Interpreting a Slope (HWhrs)

Give a plain-language interpretation of the HWhrs slope (0.047), assuming the model is appropriate.

For each additional hour per week spent on homework, the model predicts that GPA will increase by about 0.047 points, on average, holding Tutor and Sleep constant.

Q7. VIF and Multicollinearity

Look at the VIF values: 1.03 (HWhrs), 1.04 (Tutor), 1.06 (Sleep).
True/False: “This model has a serious multicollinearity problem.”

False. VIF values close to 1 mean the predictors are not strongly correlated with each other. Common “worry” thresholds are VIF > 5 or VIF > 10. Here, the VIFs are small, so there is no serious multicollinearity problem.

Q8. Confidence Interval for a Slope (conceptual)

The 95% CI for the Tutor slope is given as (0.082, 0.159).
True/False: “At 95% confidence, the true Tutor effect could be 0 (no effect).”

False. The 95% CI (0.082, 0.159) does not include 0, so at the 5% significance level we conclude the Tutor slope is different from 0 (Tutor is a significant predictor).

Q9. Overall Model vs. Individual Predictors

Explain how the global F-test and the t-tests for individual slopes are related but not the same.

The global F-test checks whether the model with all predictors explains Y better than a model with no predictors (H₀: all slopes = 0). It answers “Is the regression useful at all?”

The t-tests for individual slopes ask, one predictor at a time, whether that slope is 0 given that the others are in the model. You can have a significant F-test even if one of the individual predictors is not significant.

Q10. How This Matches the Final

On the actual exam, the numbers and variables may change, but you should be able to: