📊 Capital Budgeting: Beverage Kiosk Startup
  Project: Beverage Kiosk Evaluation
  
    - Initial Equipment Cost: $100,000
- Installation Cost: $10,000
- Increase in Inventory (Working Capital): $8,000
- Increase in Accounts Payable: $3,000
- Project Life: 4 years
- Salvage Value at Year 4: $15,000
- Tax Rate: 30%
- Discount Rate (WACC): 10%
- Depreciation: Straight-line over 4 years, no salvage for depreciation
- Annual Revenue: $85,000
- Annual Operating Costs (excluding depreciation): $45,000
    Q1. What is the initial investment outlay for the project?
    
    
      Solution:
      Initial Outlay = Equipment + Installation + Net Working Capital Increase
      Net Working Capital Increase = Inventory - Accounts Payable = 8,000 - 3,000 = 5,000
      Total = 100,000 + 10,000 + 5,000 = $115,000
    
   
  
    Q2. What is the annual depreciation expense?
    
    
      Solution:
      Depreciable Base = Equipment + Installation = 100,000 + 10,000 = 110,000
      Depreciation = 110,000 / 4 = $27,500 per year
    
   
  
    Q3. What is the Year 1 operating cash flow (OCF)?
    
    
      Solution:
      EBIT = Revenue - Operating Costs - Depreciation = 85,000 - 45,000 - 27,500 = 12,500
      Taxes = 12,500 × 30% = 3,750
      OCF = EBIT + Depreciation - Taxes = 12,500 + 27,500 - 3,750 = $36,250
    
   
  
    Q4. What are the terminal year cash flows, and how are they calculated?
    
    
      Solution:
      After-tax Salvage = $15,000 × (1 - 0.30) = 10,500
      Recovery of Working Capital = $5,000
      Terminal Year CF = OCF + After-tax Salvage + WC Recovery = 36,250 + 10,500 + 5,000 = $51,750
    
   
  Q5. What is the Net Present Value (NPV) of the project?
  
  
    Solution:
    NPV = - Initial Outlay + Present Value of Cash Flows
    Initial Outlay = $115,000
    Annual OCF = $36,250 (Years 1–3)
    Year 4 Cash Flow = OCF + Terminal Value = $36,250 + $15,500 = $51,750
    Discount Rate = 10%
    NPV Formula:
    NPV = -115,000 + (36,250 / 1.10) + (36,250 / 1.10²) + (36,250 / 1.10³) + (51,750 / 1.10⁴)
    NPV = -115,000 + 32,954.55 + 29,958.68 + 27,234.26 + 35,332.25
    NPV = $10,479.74
  
 
  
    Q6. Final Decision?
    
    
      Decision:
      Since NPV is positive ($10,432.88), the project should be accepted.