�FIN 500 Class Web Page, Spring '18
Business Finance Online, an interactive learning tool for the Corporate Finance Student https://www.zenwealth.com/BusinessFinanceOnline/index.htm (could be very helpful)
Weekly SCHEDULE, LINKS, FILES and Questions
Week |
Coverage, HW, Supplements - Required |
Equations |
Videos (optional) |
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Week 1, 2� |
Market Watch Game� ��Use the information and directions below to join the game. 1. URL for your game: 2. Password for this private game: havefun. 3. Click on the 'Join Now' button to get started. 4. If you are an existing MarketWatch member, login. If you are a new user, follow the link for a Free account - it's easy! 5. Follow the instructions and start trading! 1. � Capital Flow Chart (pdf) Chapter 5 Time value of money 1 Week 1 in class exercise (word file)� Solution FYI (available now) Concept of FV, PV, Rate, Nper Calculation of FV, PV, Rate, Nper Concept of interest rate, compounding rate, discount rate Chapter 6 Time Value of Money 2 Concept of PMT, NPV Calculation of FV, PV, Rate, Nper, PMT, NPV, NFV Concept of EAR, APR Calculation of EAR, APR HOMEWORK of Chapters 5 and 6� (due on 3/27 ) 1. The Thailand Co. is considering the purchase of some new equipment. The quote consists of a quarterly payment of $4,740 for 10 years at 6.5 percent interest. What is the purchase price of the equipment? ($138,617.88) 2. The condominium at the beach that you want to buy costs $249,500. You plan to make a cash down payment of 20 percent and finance the balance over 10 years at 6.75 percent. What will be the amount of your monthly mortgage payment? ($2,291.89) 4. Shannon wants to have $10,000 in an investment account three years from now. The account will pay 0.4 percent interest per month. If Shannon saves money every month, starting one month from now, how much will she have to save each month? ($258.81) 5. Trevor's Tires is offering a set of 4 premium tires on sale for $450. The credit terms are 24 months at $20 per month. What is the interest rate on this offer? (6.27%)
12. Fred was persuaded to open a credit card account and now owes $5,150 on this card. Fred is not charging any additional purchases because he wants to get this debt paid in full. The card has an APR of 15.1 percent. How much longer will it take Fred to pay off this balance if he makes monthly payments of $70 rather than $85? (93.04 months) 13. Bridget plans to save $150 a month, starting today, for ten years. Jordan plans to save $175 a month for ten years, starting one month from today. Both Bridget and Jordan expect to earn an average return of 8 percent on their savings. At the end of the ten years, Jordan will have approximately _____ more than Bridget. ($4,391) 14. What is the future value of weekly payments of $25 for six years at 10 percent? ($10,673.90) 15. At the end of this month, Bryan will start saving $80 a month for retirement through his company's retirement plan. His employer will contribute an additional $.25 for every $1.00 that Bryan saves. If he is employed by this firm for 25 more years and earns an average of 11 percent on his retirement savings, how much will Bryan have in his retirement account 25 years from now? ($157,613.33) 16. Sky Investments offers an annuity due with semi-annual payments for 10 years at 7 percent interest. The annuity costs $90,000 today. What is the amount of each annuity payment? ($6,118.35) 17. Mr. Jones just won a lottery prize that will pay him $5,000 a year for thirty years. He will receive the first payment today. If Mr. Jones can earn 5.5 percent on his money, what are his winnings worth to him today? ($76,665.51) 18. You want to save $75 a month for the next 15 years and hope to earn an average rate of return of 14 percent. How much more will you have at the end of the 15 years if you invest your money at the beginning of each month rather than the end of each month? ($530.06) 19. What is the effective annual rate of 10.5 percent compounded semi-annually? (10.78%) 22. What is the effective annual rate of 12.75 percent compounded daily? (13.60 percent) 23. Your grandparents loaned you money at 0.5 percent interest per month. The APR on this loan is _____ percent and the EAR is _____ percent. (6.00; 6.17) |
�Math Formula FV = PV *(1+r)^n PV = FV / ((1+r)^n) N = ln(FV/PV) / ln(1+r) Rate = (FV/PV)1/n -1 Annuity: N = ln(FV/C*r+1)/(ln(1+r)) Or N = ln(1/(1-(PV/C)*r)))/ (ln(1+r)) EAR = (1+APR/m)^m-1 APR = (1+EAR)^(1/m)*m Excel Formulas To get FV, use FV function. =abs(fv(rate, nper, pmt, pv)) To get PV, use PV function = abs(pv(rate, nper, pmt, fv)) To get r, use rate function = rate(nper, pmt, pv, -fv) To get number of years, use nper function = nper(rate, pmt, pv, -fv) To get annuity payment, use PMT function = pmt(rate, nper, pv, -fv) To get Effective rate (EAR), use Effect function = effect(nominal_rate, npery) To get annual percentage rate (APR), use nominal function = nominal(effective rate, npery) Net future value (NFV) Template here (Thanks to Dr. Lane) (FYI) |
Fall of Lehman Brother part i https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aPOtQkSiCk8 Fall of Lehman Brother part ii https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l0N_FX0kUMI&feature=relmfu Fall of Lehman Brother part iii https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YmZd3vVoPgY&feature=relmfu Fall of Lehman Brother part iv https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FcO_dQCJ3HA&feature=relmfu Fall of Lehman Brother part v https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L4gqzRePtes Fall of Lehman Brother part vi https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ms_tnEe4wFk&feature=relmfu
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Week 3 |
Chapter 7 Bond Pricing Simplified Balance Sheet of WalMart
For discussion: � What is this �long term debt�? � Who is the lender of this �long term debt�? So this long term debt is called bond in the financial market. Where can you find the pricing information and other specifications of the bond issued by WMT? How Bonds Work (video) Investing Basics: Bonds(video) FINRA � Bond market information �http://finra-markets.morningstar.com/BondCenter/Default.jsp WAL-MART STORES INC
http://finra-markets.morningstar.com/BondCenter/BondDetail.jsp?ticker=C104227&symbol=WMT.GP Coupon Rate
7.550 % Maturity Date
02/15/2030
Credit and Rating Elements
Classification Elements
Special Characteristics
Issue Elements
Bond Elements
For class discussion: Fed has hiked interest rates. So, shall you invest in short term bond or long term bond? Study guide 1. Find bond sponsored by WalMart (WMT) just go to www.finra.org, � Investor center � market data � bond � corporate bond Corporate Bond
2. 2. Understand what is coupon, coupon rate, yield, yield to maturity, market price, par value, maturity, annual bond, semi-annual bond, current yield. 3. 3. Understand how to price bond Bond price = abs(pv(yield, maturity, coupon, 1000))� ------- annual coupon Bond price = abs(pv(yield/2, maturity*2, coupon/2, 1000)) ------- semi-annual coupon Also change the yield and observe the price changes. Summarize the price change pattern and draw a graph to demonstrate your findings. Again, when yield to maturity of this semi_annual coupon bond is 4%, how should this WMT bond sell for? 4. Understand how to calculate bond returns Yield to maturity = rate(maturity, coupon, -market price, 1000) � annual coupon Yield to maturity = rate(maturity*2, coupon/2, -market price, 1000)*2 � semi-annual coupon For example, when the annual coupon bond is selling for $1,100, what is its return to investors? For example, when the semi-annual coupon bond is selling for $1,100, what is its return to investors? 5. Current yield: For the above bond, calculate current yield. 6. Zero coupon bond: coupon=0 and treat it as semi-annual coupon bond. Example: A ten year zero coupon bond is selling for $400. How much is its yield to maturity? A ten year zero coupon bond�s yield to maturity is 10%. How much is its price? 7. Understand what is bond rating and how to read those ratings. a. Who are Moody, S&P and Fitch? b. What is WMT�s rating? c. Is the rating for WMT the highest? d. Who earned the highest rating? HW due week 5 (Due on 3/27) Refer to the above table and answer questions 1-4 . 1-8 are deleted. 1.
9. Firm AAA�s bonds price = $850. Coupon rate is 5% and par is $1,000. The bond has six years to maturity. Calculate for current yield? (5.88%) 10. For a zero coupon bond, use the following information to calculate its yield to maturity. (14.35%)� Years left to maturity = 10 years. Price = $250. 11. For a zero coupon bond, use the following information to calculate its price. ($456.39) Years left to maturity = 10 years. Yield = 8%. 12. Imagine that an annual coupon bond�s coupon rate = 5%, 15 years left. Draw price-yield profile. (hint: Change interest rate, calculate new price and draw the graph). 13. IBM 5 year 2% annual coupon bond is selling for $950. How much this IBM bond�s YTM? 3.09% 14. IBM 10 year 4% semi-annual coupon bond is selling for $950. How much is this IBM bond�s YTM? 4.63% 15. IBM 10 year 5% annual coupon bond offers 8% of return. How much is the price of this bond? 798.7 16. IBM 5 year 5% semi-annual coupon bond offers 8% of return. How much is the price of this bond? $878.34 17. IBM 20 year zero coupon bond offers 8% return. How much is the price of this bond? 18. Collingwood Homes has a bond issue outstanding that pays an 8.5 percent coupon and matures in 18.5 years. The bonds have a par value of $1,000 and a market price of $964.20. Interest is paid semiannually. What is the yield to maturity? (8.90%) 19. Grand Adventure Properties offers a 9.5 percent coupon bond with annual payments. The yield to maturity is 11.2 percent and the maturity date is 11 years from today. What is the market price of this bond if the face value is $1,000? ($895.43) 20. The zero coupon bonds of D&L Movers have a market price of $319.24, a face value of $1,000, and a yield to maturity of 9.17 percent. How many years is it until these bonds mature? (12.73 years) 21. A zero coupon bond with a face value of $1,000 is issued with an initial price of $212.56. The bond matures in 25 years. What is yield to maturity? (6.29%) 22. The bonds issued by Stainless Tubs bear a 6 percent coupon, payable semiannually. The bonds mature in 11 years and have a $1,000 face value. Currently, the bonds sell for $989. What is the yield to maturity? (6.14%) |
Bond Pricing Formula (FYI)
Current yield = annual coupon / bond price Bond Pricing Excel Formula Summary of bond pricing excel functions To calculate bond price (annual coupon bond): Price=abs(pv(yield to maturity, years left to maturity, coupon rate*1000, 1000) To calculate yield to maturity (annual coupon bond):: Yield to maturity = rate(years left to maturity, coupon rate *1000, -price, 1000) To calculate bond price (semi-annual coupon bond): Price=abs(pv(yield to maturity/2, years left to maturity*2, coupon rate*1000/2, 1000) To calculate yield to maturity (semi-annual coupon bond): Yield to maturity = rate(years left to maturity*2, coupon rate *1000/2, -price, 1000)*2 To calculate number of years left(annual coupon bond) Number of years =nper(yield to maturity, coupon rate*1000, -price, 1000) To calculate number of years left(semi-annual coupon bond) Number of years =nper(yield to maturity/2, coupon rate*1000/2, -price, 1000)/2 To calculate coupon (annual coupon bond) Coupon = pmt(yield to maturity, number of years left, -price, 1000) Coupon rate = coupon / 1000 To calculate coupon (semi-annual coupon bond) Coupon = pmt(yield to maturity/2, number of years left*2, -price, 1000)*2 Coupon rate = coupon / 1000 Bond calculator �(Thanks to Dr. Lane) Bond Calculator: Introduction (www.zenwealth.com)
Mid Term Questions (Due 4/3/2018) |
Bond Investing - Interest Rate Risk Is The 35-Year Bull Market In Bonds Dead? The �Godfather of Bonds� Gary Shilling Responds How To Invest in Bonds When Rates Are Rising? Fed Hiked Interest Rates, So Why Are Bond Yields Still So Low? |
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Week 45 |
Chapter 8 Stock Valuation 1. Introduction from google.com/finance for Wal-Mart� (NYSE:WMT) 86.05-1.45 (-1.66%)
Trade prices are not sourced from all markets |
Dividend Growth model template excel simple version - my contribution (FYI) Where Po: current stock price; D1: next period dividend; r: stock return; g: dividend growth rate Do: current dividend Stock Calculator (Constant Growth) Thanks to Dr. Lane The Constant Growth Stock Calculator can be used to find the value of a Constant Growth Stock. The calculator can also be used to solve for the Current Dividend (D0), the Next Dividend (D1), the Dividend Growth Rate (g), or Required Return (r) given the values of the other variables.
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Useful website money.msn.com/investing zacks.com minyanville.com moneychimp.com navellier.investor.com/portfolio-grader/ nasdaq.com marketwatch.com superstockscreener.com gurufocus.com portfoliomoney.com stockconsultant.com marketgrader.com moderngraham.com stockpickr.com stockta.com thestreet.com askstockguru.com quotes.wsj.com oldschoolvalue.com fool.com analystratings.com barchart.com stock2own.com theonlineinvestor.com seekingalpha.com |
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Week 4 |
For discussion: � Stockholders� rights � Risk and return � where to find how risky the stock is 2. Calculate stock prices 1) Given next dividends and price � �Po= (D1 + P1)/ (1+r) Po=� (D1)/ (1+r) + (D2 + P2)/ (1+r)^2 Po=� (D1)/ (1+r) + (D2 )/ (1+r)^2 + (D3 + P3)/ (1+r)^3 Po=� (D1)/ (1+r) + (D2 )/ (1+r)^2 + (D3)/ (1+r)^3+ (D4 + P4)/ (1+r)^4 �� 2) Given all dividends � Dividend growth model R = D1/Po+g = Do*(1+g)/Po+g ���� D1=Do*(1+g); D2= D1*(1+g)� Exercise: 1. Consider the valuation of a common stock that paid $1.00 dividend at the end of the last year and is expected to pay a cash dividend in the future. Dividends are expected to grow at 10% and the investors required rate of return is 17%. How much is the price? 2. The current market price of stock is $90 and the stock pays dividend of $3 with a growth rate of 5%. What is the return of this stock? 5. Avoid emotional investing 1) Herding 2) Overconfidence 3) Mental accounting 4) Anchoring 5) Gambler�s fallacy 6) Momentum 6. How to pick stocks � Does it work? PE ratio PEG ratio (peg ratio vs. PE ratio � video) �
HOMEWORK (Due on final exam date) 1. Northern Gas recently paid a $2.80 annual dividend on its common stock. This dividend increases at an average rate of 3.8 percent per year. The stock is currently selling for $26.91 a share. What is the market rate of return? (14.60 percent) 2. Douglass Gardens pays an annual dividend that is expected to increase by 4.1 percent per year. The stock commands a market rate of return of 12.6 percent and sells for $24.90 a share. What is the expected amount of the next dividend? ($2.12) 4. The current market price of stock is $50 and the stock is expected to pay dividend of $2 with a growth rate of 6%. How much is the expected return to stockholders? (10%) 5. Investors of Creamy Custard common stock earns 15% of return. It just paid a dividend of $6.00 and dividends are expected to grow at a rate of 6% indefinitely. What is expected price of Creamy Custard's stock? ($70.67) |
Non Constant Growth Stock Calculator (FYI) Thanks to Dr. Lane The Nonconstant Growth Stock Calculator can be used to find the value of a Nonconstant or Supernormal Growth Stock.
Buttons - Press the Calculate button to calculate the price of the stock. Press the Clear to clear the calculator.
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Chapter 9 Capital Budgeting NPV, IRR, Payback, PI, MIRR template (excel, simple, my contribution, updated) NPV Excel syntax Syntax NPV(rate,value1,value2, ...) Rate is the rate of discount over the length of one period. Value1, value2, ... are 1 to 29 arguments representing the payments and income. � Value1, value2, ... must be equally spaced in time and occur at the end of each period. NPV uses the order of value1, value2, ... to interpret the order of cash flows. Be sure to enter your payment and income values in the correct sequence. IRR Excel syntax Syntax IRR(values, guess) Values is an array or a reference to cells that contain numbers for which you want to calculate the internal rate of return. Guess is a number that you guess is close to the result of IRR. Chapter 9 Study Guide Part I: Single project Consider the following scenario. You are reviewing a new project and have estimated the following cash flows: — Year 0: CF = -165,000 — Year 1: CF = 63,120; NI = 13,620 — Year 2: CF = 70,800; NI = 3,300 — Year 3: CF = 91,080; NI = 29,100 Your required return for assets of this risk level is 12%. 1) Using payback period method to make capital budgeting decision. 2) Using discounted payback period method to make capital budgeting decision. 3) Using net present value method (NPV) 4) Using profitable index method (PI) 5) Using the Internal Rate of Return method (IRR) 6) Using modified IRR method (MIRR) � on slide 75 Part II: Multi-Projects
If the required rate of return is 10%. Which project shall you choose? 1) How much is the cross over rate? 2) How is your decision if the required rate of return is 13%? 3) Rule for mutually exclusive projects: 4) What about the two projects are independent? More on IRR � (non-conventional cash flow) (slide 73) Suppose an investment will cost $90,000 initially and will generate the following cash flows: � Year 1: 132,000 � Year 2: 100,000 � Year 3: -150,000 The required return is 15%. Should we accept or reject the project? 1) How does the NPR profile look like? 2) IRR1= 3) IRR2= Exercise (slide 82) An investment project has the following cash flows: CF0 = -1,000,000; C01 � C08 = 200,000 each If the required rate of return is 12%, what decision should be made using NPV? How would the IRR decision rule be used for this project, and what decision would be reached? How are the above two decisions related? HOMEWORK(due on final date) Year Cash flows 1 $8,000 2 4,000 3 3,000 4 5,000 5 10,000 1) How much is the payback period (approach one)? 2) If the firm has a 10% required rate of return. How much is NPV (approach 2)? 3) If the firm has a 10% required rate of return. How much is IRR (approach 3)? 4) If the firm has a 10% required rate of return. How much is PI (approach 4)? Question 2: Project with an initial cash outlay of $60,000 with following free cash flows for 5 years. Year FCF Initial outlay �60,000 1 25,000 2 24,000 3 13,000 4 12,000 5 11,000 The firm has a 15% required rate of return. Calculate payback period, NPV, IRR and PI. Analyze your results. Question 3: Mutually Exclusive Projects 1) Consider the following cash flows for one-year Project A and B, with required rates of return of 10%. You have limited capital and can invest in one but one project. Which one? � Initial Outlay: A = $200; B = $1,500 � Inflow: A = $300; B = $1,900 2) Example: Consider two projects, A and B, with initial outlay of $1,000, cost of capital of 10%, and following cash flows in years 1, 2, and 3: A: $100 $200 $2,000 B: $650 $650 $650 Which project should you choose if they are mutually exclusive? Independent? Crossover rate? |
NPV IRR Payback period calculator
Thanks to Dr. Lane �
The Capital Budgeting Calculator can be used to calculate the Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, Payback Period, and Equivalent Annual Annuity of a Capital Budgeting project. The calculator works similarly to the Cash Flow functions of the Texas Instruments BA II Plus calculator. 1. Cash Flow at Time 0 - Enter the cash flow which occurs at time 0 in this field. 2. Cash Flow at Time 1 - Enter the cash flow which occurs at time 1 in this field. Enter the number of time periods in which the cash flow occurs in succession in the field directly to the right. If the cash flow only occurs once, enter 1 in the field directly to the right. The next distinct cash flow and its frequency are entered in the following row. 3. Cost of Capital Field - Enter the Cost of Capital in this field. 4. NPV Field - The Net Present Value of the Capital Budgeting project is displayed in this field. 5. IRR Field - The Internal Rate of Return of the Capital Budgeting project is displayed in this field. 6. Payback Field - The Payback Period of the Capital Budgeting project is displayed in this field. 7. EAA Field (not used in class) - The Equivalent Annual Annuity of the Capital Budgeting project is displayed in this field. 8. Buttons - Press the Calculate button to calculate the NPV, IRR, etc. for the Capital Budgeting project. Press the Clear button to clear the calculator. �Simple Rules� for Running a Business
From the 20-page cellphone contract to the five-pound employee handbook, even the simple things seem to be getting more complicated. Companies have been complicating things for themselves, too�analyzing hundreds of factors when making decisions, or consulting reams of data to resolve every budget dilemma. But those requirements might be wasting time and muddling priorities. So argues Donald Sull, a lecturer at the Sloan School of Management at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology who has also worked for McKinsey & Co. and Clayton, Dubilier & Rice LLC. In the book Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a Complex World, out this week from Houghton Mifflin Harcourt HMHC -1.36%, he and Kathleen Eisenhardt of Stanford University claim that straightforward guidelines lead to better results than complex formulas. Mr. Sull recently spoke with At Work about what companies can do to simplify, and why five basic rules can beat a 50-item checklist. Edited excerpts: WSJ: Where, in the business context, might �simple rules� help more than a complicated approach? Donald Sull: Well, a common decision that people face in organizations is capital allocation. In many organizations, there will be thick procedure books or algorithms�one company I worked with had an algorithm that had almost 100 variables for every project. These are very cumbersome approaches to making decisions and can waste time. Basically, any decision about how to focus resources�either people or money or attention�can benefit from simple rules. WSJ: Can you give an example of how that simplification works in a company? Sull: There�s a German company called Weima GmBH that makes shredders. At one point, they were getting about 10,000 requests and could only fill about a thousand because of technical capabilities, so they had this massive problem of sorting out which of these proposals to pursue. They had a very detailed checklist with 40 or 50 items. People had to gather data and if there were gray areas the proposal would go to management. But because the data was hard to obtain and there were so many different pieces, people didn�t always fill out the checklists completely. Then management had to discuss a lot of these proposals personally because there was incomplete data. So top management is spending a disproportionate amount of time discussing this low-level stuff. Then Weima came up with guidelines that the frontline sales force and engineers could use to quickly decide whether a request fell in the �yes,� �no� or �maybe� category. They did it with five rules only, stuff like �Weima had to collect at least 70% of the price before the unit leaves the factory.� After that, only the �maybes� were sent to management. This dramatically decreased the amount of time management spend evaluating these projects�that time was decreased by almost a factor of 10. Or, take Frontier Dental Laboratories in Canada. They were working with a sales force of two covering the entire North American market. Limiting their sales guidelines to a few factors that made someone likely to be receptive to Frontier�stuff like �dentists who have their own practice� and �dentists with a website��helped focus their efforts and increase sales 42% in a declining market. WSJ: Weima used five factors�is that the optimal number? And how do you choose which rules to follow? Sull: You should have four to six rules. Any more than that, you�ll spend too much time trying to follow everything perfectly. The entire reason simple rules help is because they force you to prioritize the goals that matter. They�re easy to remember, they don�t confuse or stress you, they save time. They should be tailored to your specific goals, so you choose the rules based on what exactly you�re trying to achieve. And you should of course talk to others. Get information from different sources, and ask them for the top things that worked for them. But focus on whether what will work for you and your circumstances. WSJ: Is there a business leader you can point to who has embraced the �simple rules� guideline? Donald Sull: Let�s look at when Alex Behring took over America Latina Logistica SARUMO3.BR +1.59%, the Brazilian railway and logistics company. With a budget of $15 million, how do you choose among $200 million of investment requests, all of which are valid? The textbook business-school answer to this is that you run the NPV (net present value) test on each project and rank-order them by NPV. Alex Behring knows this. He was at the top of the class at Harvard Business School. But instead Similarly, the global-health arm of the Gates Foundation gets many, many funding requests. But since they know that their goal is to have the most impact worldwide, they focus on projects in developing countries because that�s where the money will stretch farther. |
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Chapter 14 Cost of Capital��� ppt �� Discount rate to figure out the value of projects is called WACC (weighted average cost of capital) WACC = weight of debt * cost of debt�� + weight of equity *( cost of equity) Wd= total debt / Total capital� = total borrowed / total capital We= total equity/ Total capital� � Cost of debt = rate(nper, coupon, -(price � flotation costs), 1000)*(1-tax rate) Cost of Equity = D1/(Po � Flotation Cost)� + g��� D1: Next period dividend; Po: Current stock price; g: dividend growth rate Note: flotation costs = flotation percentage * price Or if beta is given, use CAPM model (refer to chapter 6) Cost of equity = risk free rate + beta *(market return � risk free rate) Cost of equity = risk free rate + beta * market risk premium ��A firm borrows money from bond market. The price they paid is $950 for the bond with 5% coupon rate and 10 years to mature. Flotation cost is $40.� For the new stocks, the expected dividend is $2 with a growth rate of 10% and price of $40. The flotation cost is $4. The company raises capital in equal proportions i.e. 50% debt and 50% equity (such as total $1m raised and half million is from debt market and the other half million is from stock market). Tax rate 34%. What is WACC (weighted average cost of capital, cost of capital)?� (Answer: 9.84%) 1) Why does the firm raise capital from the financial market? Is there of any costs of doing so? What do you think? 2) What is cost of debt? �(Kd = rate(nper, coupon, -(price � flotation costs $)), 1000)*(1-tax rate)) 3) Cost of equity? (Ke = (D1/(Price � flotation costs $)) +g, or Ke = Rrf + Beta*MRP)) Why no tax adjustment like cost of debt? 4) WACC=Cost of capital = Percentage of Debt * cost of debt + percentage of stock * cost of stock = Wd*Kd + We* Ke Meaning: For a dollar raised in the capital market from debt holders and stockholders, the cost is WACC (or WACC * 1$ = several cents, and of course, the lower the better but many companies do not have good credits) No homework for chapter 14 No homework for chapter 14 |
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Chapter 13 Return, Risk and Security Market Line Video of Class on 11/24/2015� (FYI) Study Guide 1. Pick three stocks. Has to be the leading firm in three different industries. (We chose Tesla, GE, and Wal-mart) 2. From finance.yahoo.com, collect stock prices of the above firms, in the past five years (Here is the excel solution, from November 2012 to November 2017) Steps: Goto finance.yahoo.com Search for the company Click on �Historical prices� in the left column on the tope Change the starting date and ending date to �December 2nd, 2012� and �December 2nd, 2017�, respectively. (Download it to Excel Delete all inputs, except �adj close� � this is the closing price adjusted for dividend. 3. Evaluate the performance of each stock: average return, and risk (standard deviation) 4. Calculate correlations. 5. Imagine you are rational and hold a highly diversified portfolio: return and risk of this portfolio? Systematic risk vs. idiosyncratic risk; Beta and its calculation Use slope function to find beta in Excel��� beta = slope(return of each stock, market return) 6. SML(Security market line) and CAPM (Capital asset pricing model) Stock return = risk free rate + beta *(market return � risk free rate) ---- CAPM HOMEWORK (Due before final) 1. An investor currently holds the following portfolio: He invested 30% of the fund in Apple with Beta equal 1.1. He also invested 40% in GE with Beta equal 1.6. The rest of his fund goes to Ford, with Beta equal 2.2. Use the above information to answer the following questions. 2) The three month Treasury bill rate (this is risk free rate) is 2%. S&P500 index return is 10% (this is market return).� Now calculate the portfolio�s return. �15.04% 2. The three month Treasury bill rate (this is risk free rate) is 2%. S&P500 index return is 10% (this is market return).� 2.� What is the value of A? �2% 3. What is the value of B? 10% 4. How much is the slope of the above security market line? 8% 5. Your uncle bought Apple in January, year 2000 for $30. The current price of Apple is $480 per share. Assume there are no dividend ever paid. Calculate your uncle�s holding period return. �15 times 6. ������������������������������������������ Years����������������� Market r��������������� Stock A���������������� Stock B ���������������������������������������������� 1������������������������������ 3%��������������������� 16%������������������������ 5% ���������������������������������������������� 2���������������������������� -5%��������������������� 20%������������������������ 5% ���������������������������������������������� 3������������������������������ 1%��������������������� 18%������������������������ 5% ���������������������������������������������� 4�������������������������� -10%��������������������� 25%������������������������ 5% ���������������������������������������������� 5������������������������������ 6%��������������������� 14%������������������������ 5% ����������������������������������������������� � Calculate the average returns of the market r and stock A and stock B. (Answer: -1%, 18.6%, 5%) � Calculate the standard deviations of the market, stock A, & stock B (Answer: 6.44%, 4.21%;� 0 ) � Calculate the correlation of stock market r and stock a. (Answer: -0.98) � Assume you invest 50% in stock A and 50% in stock B. Calculate the average return and the standard deviation of the portfolio. (Answer: 11.8%; 2.11%) Calculate beta of stock A and beta of stock B, respectively (Answer: -0.64, 0) |
CAPM Calculator (Thanks TO Dr. Lane) The CAPM Calculator can be used to solve problems based upon the Security Market Line (SML) from the Capital Asset Pricing Model. The calculator is able to solve for any of the four possible variables given the value of the other three variables. 1. Expected Return on Stock i Field - The Expected Return on Stock i is displayed or entered in this field. 2. Risk Free Rate Field - The Risk Free Rate is displayed or entered in this field. 3. Expected Return on the Market Field - The Expected Return on the Market Portfolio is displayed or entered in this field. 4. Beta for Stock i Field - The Beta for Stock i is displayed or entered in this field. 5. Buttons - Press these buttons to calculate the corresponding value. o E[Ri] Button - Press to calculate the Expected Return on Asset i. o Rf Button - Press to calculate the Risk Free Rate. o E[Rm] Button - Press to calculate the Expected Return on the Market Portfolio. o Beta Button - Press to calculate the Beta for Asset i. (from zenwealth.com) |
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Week 7 |
Chapter 10� Cash Flow Estimation In class exercise - Case study � (PPT affiliated with this case study fyi) No homework requirement for this chapter |
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Final (due by 4/26/2018) |
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